Lesson topic: Sketch of an embroidery ornament on a towel.
Lesson type: combined
The purpose of the lesson: Introduction to the symbolic meaning of the towel.
Tasks:
To acquaint students with the symbolic meaning of the towel, the motifs of the ornament on it.
Development of figurative thinking, artistic taste, creative activity, independence.
To cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude to the world and art, to national traditions.
Lesson equipment: Multimedia projector, computer, magnetic board, illustrations depicting embroidered products, tables depicting signs of symbols, embroidery designs, embroidered works, presentation in PowerPoint format (Appendix 1).
At the student: paper, markers, paints, brushes, white paper, scissors.
During the classes:
Organizing time:
Greetings.
Check readiness for the lesson.
Check for absentees in class.
Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Main part:
A conversation about the symbolic meaning of embroidery and towels in the life of a Russian person.
Statement of the artistic task.
Practical implementation of the task.
Summing up, exhibition of works.
The art of embroidery in Rus' has been known since ancient times. Everything that surrounded a person in everyday life was carefully decorated by hardworking peasant hands.
Since ancient times, the ability to create marvelous embroidered patterns on fabric has been revered in Rus'. Women of any age and class have been engaged in this art for many centuries.
But embroidery is most widespread in the Russian village, where various patterns were the most important decoration of clothing and household items.
Girls began to learn to embroider at the age of 7-8 and from childhood they prepared a dowry for themselves.
Patterns and techniques of craftsmanship, and artistic features of ancient embroideries were passed down from generation to generation. Each of the embroiderers supplemented the information received with something of her own. But the tradition was not destroyed.
The towel played an important role in folk life. The towel has always been a very strong amulet that has passed from the pagan tradition to the Christian one.
A pattern was embroidered on a towel with red threads - it was an ancient amulet of the house from evil spirits.
The ancient Slavs believed that a person's life has a beginning and an end, and a towel accompanies him all his life from birth to death. A little man is born, the midwife takes him on a towel, which his mother lovingly embroidered. While still in the girls, she took care of her baby, providing a towel with rich protective symbols. This towel is called maternity.
They tied a child on a bare tummy belt from bleached sheep's wool. The ends of the girdle closed, resulting in a circle-symbol of the sun and infinity. Unbelted - means, opened to evil spirits.
Baby swaddled in swaddling- a narrow long strip of fabric, this is also a towel.
Our distant ancestors had a daily magical ritual of cleansing with water. In the morning - from night fears and horrors, in the evening - from daytime hardships, worries and fatigue. The rite of purification included, and wiping the face with a towel and called it wiping.
At the wedding of the bride and groom, the parents met and blessed with a towel in their hands, on which there were bread and salt. This towel is called wedding.
And on the last journey, to the cemetery, they escort a person, carrying him on towels, on which they lower him into the grave. it funerary towels. The funeral towel depicted the symbols of the soul and the funeral (sacrificial) pyre. Funeral towels after the ceremony were given to the temple, for the mention of the soul.
You see, what a deep symbolic meaning the most common and ancient object of folk life - towels has.
All towels had an embroidered pattern. Embroideries embodied ancient folk symbols and rituals.
Sun revered as a source of life, with great cleansing and protective power. He was addressed with prayers for fertility and prosperity. It was depicted as a circle, a flower.
An oblique cross with curved ends is a solar sign - the solstice (change of day and night, seasons).
Earth, in the view of Russian peasants, endowed with human features. She was called "Nurse - mother-cheese Earth."
She was revered in an inextricable connection with water and vegetation. Depicted as a female figure (Makosh) with birds in raised hands, inside which a tree grew, and at the feet or along the edge of the clothes there was a jagged line depicting water.
It was believed that bird brings good to a person. Therefore, at the ends of wedding towels, birds were always embroidered as a sign of consent, love and peace in the house, either in the form of a proud bird - a peahen, or in the form of an elegant duck floating on the waves.
The guardian of the hearth was considered horse, perceived as the strongest pet. According to an ancient legend, the horse was given an honorable role to participate in the movement of the sun across the sky, which during the day rushes in a chariot harnessed by golden-haired horses, and at night floats across the blue sea in a boat. The figures of horses and boats were depicted on valances and towels.
Tree- one of the oldest symbols, the Tree of Life, as the ancestors represented the universe. They thought that there are gardens of Eden in heaven, and a miracle tree with magical fruits grows there. The tree of life, the tree that gives birth to new life, was a symbol of life, the unity of the family, its continuation and well-being.
life-giving power water, feeding the Earth, was depicted in the form of water-fowl forces, and the waters themselves - in the form of zigzag stripes.
The main colors in embroidery were red and white.
White color was revered as a symbol of beauty and purity.
Red color - a symbol of fire - in the popular imagination is beautiful, beautiful. There are other colors in the embroidery, but white and red are the main ones.
Statement of the artistic task.
Complete your sketch of an embroidered towel based on folk embroidery.
Practical implementation of the task.
Try to create a composition of signs-symbols, solve the same pictorial motif in different ways. Cut out “lace” from thin paper and decorate a towel with them.
Summarizing.
At the end of the lesson, an express exhibition of finished works is organized on the board
Literature
Anichkov E.V. Paganism and Ancient Rus'. SPb., 1914.
Afanasiev A.N. The tree of Life. M., 1983.
Bychkov A.A. Encyclopedia of pagan gods. Myths of the ancient Slavs. M., 2001.
Veles book. M., 1995.
Gordienko N.S. "Baptism of Rus'": facts against legends and myths. M., 1984.
Demin V.N. Treasured paths of the Slavic tribes. M., 2002.
Kazakov V. World of Slavic gods. M., 2000.
Kaisarov A.S., Glinka G.A., Rybakov B.A. Myths of the ancient Slavs. Book of Veles / Comp. A.I. Bazhenova, V.I. Vardugin. Saratov, 1993.
Korinfsky A.A. People's Rus': all year round legends, beliefs, customs and proverbs. Smolensk. 1995.
Krivosheev Yu.V. The religion of the Eastern Slavs on the eve of the baptism of Rus'. L., 1988.
Levkievskaya E. Myths of the Russian people. M., 2003.
Makovsky M.M. Comparative dictionary of mythological symbolism in the Indo-European languages. The image of the world and the worlds of images. M., 1996.
Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1997.
Niederle L. Slavic Antiquities. M., 2000.
Petrukhin V.Ya. On the functions of cosmological descriptions in the funeral cult // Customs and cultural-differentiating traditions among the peoples of the world. M. 1979. S. 3-16.
Petrukhin V.Ya. The beginning of the ethnocultural history of Rus'. - Smolensk, 1995.
The Tale of Bygone Years. Part 1 - 2. M.-L., 1950.
Rybakov B.A. Ancient Rus': legends, epics, chronicles. M., 1963.
Rybakov B.A. Paganism Ancient Rus'. M., 1987.
Rybakov B.A. The paganism of the ancient Slavs. M., 1994.
Slavic mythology. Encyclopedic Dictionary. / Ed. V.Ya. Petrukhin, T.A. Agapkina, L.N. Vinogradova, S.M. Thick. M., 1995.
Toporov V.N. From Slavic pagan terminology. // Etymology 1986-87. M., 1989. S. 3-50.
Lesson topic: Sketch of an embroidery ornament on a towel.
Lesson type: combined
The purpose of the lesson: Introduction to the symbolic meaning of the towel.
Tasks:
To acquaint students with the symbolic meaning of the towel, the motifs of the ornament on it.
Development of figurative thinking, artistic taste, creative activity, independence.
To cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude to the world and art, to national traditions.
Lesson equipment: Multimedia projector, computer, magnetic board, illustrations depicting embroidered products, tables depicting signs of symbols, embroidery designs, embroidered works, presentation in PowerPoint format (Appendix 1).
At the student: paper, markers, paints, brushes, white paper, scissors.
During the classes:
Organizing time:
Greetings.
Check readiness for the lesson.
Check for absentees in class.
Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
A conversation about the symbolic meaning of embroidery and towels in the life of a Russian person.
Summing up, exhibition of works.
Since ancient times, the ability to create marvelous embroidered patterns on fabric has been revered in Rus'. Women of any age and class have been engaged in this art for many centuries.
But embroidery is most widespread in the Russian village, where various patterns were the most important decoration of clothing and household items.
Girls began to learn to embroider at the age of 7-8 and from childhood they prepared a dowry for themselves.
Patterns and techniques of craftsmanship, and artistic features of ancient embroideries were passed down from generation to generation. Each of the embroiderers supplemented the information received with something of her own. But the tradition was not destroyed.
The towel played an important role in folk life. The towel has always been a very strong amulet, passed from pagan tradition into the Christian.
A pattern was embroidered on a towel with red threads - it was an ancient amulet of the house from evil spirits.
The ancient Slavs believed that a person's life has a beginning and an end, and a towel accompanies him all his life from birth to death. A little man is born, the midwife takes him on a towel, which his mother lovingly embroidered. While still in the girls, she took care of her baby, providing a towel with rich protective symbols. This towel is called maternity.
They tied a child on a bare tummy belt from bleached sheep's wool. The ends of the girdle closed, resulting in a circle-symbol of the sun and infinity. Unbelted - means, opened to evil spirits.
Baby swaddled in swaddling- a narrow long strip of fabric, this is also a towel.
Our distant ancestors had a daily magical ritual of cleansing with water. In the morning - from night fears and horrors, in the evening - from daytime hardships, worries and fatigue. The rite of purification included, and wiping the face with a towel and called it wiping.
At the wedding of the bride and groom, the parents met and blessed with a towel in their hands, on which there were bread and salt. This towel is called wedding.
And on the last journey, to the cemetery, they escort a person, carrying him on towels, on which they lower him into the grave. it funerary towels. The funeral towel depicted the symbols of the soul and the funeral (sacrificial) pyre. Funeral towels after the ceremony were given to the temple, for the mention of the soul.
You see, what a deep symbolic meaning the most common and ancient object of folk life - towels has.
All towels had an embroidered pattern. Embroideries embodied ancient folk symbols and rituals.
Sun revered as a source of life, with great cleansing and protective power. He was addressed with prayers for fertility and prosperity. It was depicted as a circle, a flower.
An oblique cross with curved ends is a solar sign - the solstice (change of day and night, seasons).
Earth, in the view of Russian peasants, endowed with human features. She was called "Nurse - mother-cheese Earth."
She was revered in an inextricable connection with water and vegetation. Depicted as a female figure (Makosh) with birds in raised hands, inside which a tree grew, and at the feet or along the edge of the clothes there was a jagged line depicting water.
It was believed that bird brings good to a person. Therefore, at the ends of wedding towels, birds were always embroidered as a sign of consent, love and peace in the house, either in the form of a proud bird - a peahen, or in the form of an elegant duck floating on the waves.
The guardian of the hearth was considered horse, perceived as the strongest pet. According to an ancient legend, the horse was given an honorable role to participate in the movement of the sun across the sky, which during the day rushes in a chariot harnessed by golden-haired horses, and at night floats across the blue sea in a boat. The figures of horses and boats were depicted on valances and towels.
Tree- one of the oldest symbols, the Tree of Life, as the ancestors represented the universe. They thought that there are gardens of Eden in heaven, and a miracle tree with magical fruits grows there. The tree of life, the tree that gives birth to new life, was a symbol of life, the unity of the family, its continuation and well-being.
life-giving power water, feeding the Earth, was depicted in the form of water-fowl forces, and the waters themselves - in the form of zigzag stripes.
The main colors in embroidery were red and white.
White color was revered as a symbol of beauty and purity.
Red color - a symbol of fire - in the popular imagination is beautiful, beautiful. There are other colors in the embroidery, but white and red are the main ones.
Statement of the artistic task.
Complete your sketch of an embroidered towel based on folk embroidery.
Practical implementation of the task.
Try to create a composition of signs-symbols, solve the same pictorial motif in different ways. Cut out “lace” from thin paper and decorate a towel with them.
Summarizing.
At the end of the lesson, an express exhibition of finished works is organized on the board
Literature
Anichkov E.V. Paganism and Ancient Rus'. SPb., 1914.
Afanasiev A.N. The tree of Life. M., 1983.
Bychkov A.A. Encyclopedia of pagan gods. Myths of the ancient Slavs. M., 2001.
Veles book. M., 1995.
Gordienko N.S. "Baptism of Rus'": facts against legends and myths. M., 1984.
Demin V.N. Treasured paths of the Slavic tribes. M., 2002.
Kazakov V. World of Slavic gods. M., 2000.
Kaisarov A.S., Glinka G.A., Rybakov B.A. Myths of the ancient Slavs. Book of Veles / Comp. A.I. Bazhenova, V.I. Vardugin. Saratov, 1993.
Korinfsky A.A. Narodnaya Rus': all year long legends, beliefs, customs and proverbs. Smolensk. 1995.
Krivosheev Yu.V. The religion of the Eastern Slavs on the eve of the baptism of Rus'. L., 1988.
Levkievskaya E. Myths of the Russian people. M., 2003.
Makovsky M.M. Comparative dictionary of mythological symbolism in the Indo-European languages. The image of the world and the worlds of images. M., 1996.
Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1997.
Niederle L. Slavic Antiquities. M., 2000.
Petrukhin V.Ya. On the functions of cosmological descriptions in the funeral cult // Customs and cultural-differentiating traditions among the peoples of the world. M. 1979. S. 3-16.
Petrukhin V.Ya. The beginning of the ethnocultural history of Rus'. - Smolensk, 1995.
The Tale of Bygone Years. Part 1 - 2. M.-L., 1950.
Rybakov B.A. Ancient Rus': legends, epics, chronicles. M., 1963.
Rybakov B.A. Paganism of Ancient Rus'. M., 1987.
Rybakov B.A. The paganism of the ancient Slavs. M., 1994.
Slavic mythology. Encyclopedic Dictionary. / Ed. V.Ya. Petrukhin, T.A. Agapkina, L.N. Vinogradova, S.M. Thick. M., 1995.
Toporov V.N. From Slavic pagan terminology. // Etymology 1986-87. M., 1989. S. 3-50.
Toporov V.N. Visual arts and mythology. Myths of the peoples of the world. T. 1. M., 1980.
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Towels are a very important element of filling the apartment. Despite the fact that they are functional, they are also an interior decoration. If you are the owner of the most ordinary towels, you can improve them yourself by embroidering patterns with a cross.
Towels are towels that have not only practical, but also sacred meaning. They must be beautiful and of good quality.
Most often, towels are embroidered on natural fabrics, cotton or linen. A towel could be given by a woman to her man, who sets off on a long journey. The young man wore this amulet behind his belt and, wiping himself after washing, remembered his beloved.
It is not easy to embroider towels, the sacred symbols in the pattern are usually branched and have many elements. For such a towel to gain strength, it must be embroidered in the correct order, namely in three layers.
Layers in towel embroidery:
- The first layer displayed the family. It was embroidered with the Tree of the genus and birds.
- Conspiracies and wishes to the recipient were invested in the second layer. It was he who protected his master from troubles and adversities.
- The last layer included the symbols of the coastline. He united the couple into a single whole.
Cross-stitching of wedding towels had a special power. The vine denoted the fertility and well-being of the couple. Weaving hops forever connected the young with each other. Lilies gave the woman the attractiveness and eternal love of her husband. Women who wanted to get pregnant and safely bear a child had to embroider a rhombus with a dot in the middle on a towel.
Proper cross stitching in such works is also of particular importance. First, the woman's diagonal is sewn, she is located on the right side, and then the man's, she looks to the left. The cross denotes the strength and unity of the four elements, as well as the interaction of the feminine and masculine.
Cross-stitch has always been more powerful than satin stitch. Therefore, such works were valued more.
Beautiful cross-stitch on a towel for the kitchen
Towels for the kitchen should also be beautiful and neat. Such a gift will delight any hostess.
You can embroider simple sketchy patterns on waffle towels, but for more complex work better fit water soluble canvas. The cells of the waffle fabric are quite large and therefore it will be difficult to embroider delicate flowers or portraits on them. For such materials, the Bulgarian cross is the best suited. It takes up more space and looks very unusual.
To embroider with a Bulgarian cross, first draw an ordinary cross on the fabric, and then sew a plus sign on top.
Schematics are required for large scale work. Beginning craftswomen cannot do without them, but more experienced embroiderers can decorate a towel, relying only on their own imagination.
When choosing a scheme for a kitchen towel, remember that it should not lose its functional properties.
Unusual napkins embroidered with a cross will decorate your table. Wonderful patterns and patterns are presented in the following material:.
Bath towel: cross stitch pattern
A bath towel can also be decorated. You can find a lot of schemes for free here. You can also order a ready-made set via the Internet.
Children's towel can be decorated with embroidery of animals or fish. An adult man can be presented with bath textiles with embroidery of cars or cigars.
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Hotels, saunas and beauty salons often order towels with their own emblem embroidered. Such products look very noble and speak of the status of the company.
When decorating a towel, it is not necessary to embroider patterns directly on the fabric. You can embroider a picture directly on the canvas, and then sew it to the towel. Thus, you will get a beautiful and neat towel.
It is impossible to embroider patterns over the entire plane of the towel, otherwise it will be inconvenient for them to wipe themselves off. On the other hand, the fabric decorated with embroidery will not leave indifferent any connoisseur of beauty.
Cross stitch patterns for face towels
Towels for hands and face can be decorated with embroidery. Like other towels, these are embroidered only along the edge.
For such patterns, you can use plain or water-soluble canvas. In the first case, a strip of canvas is sewn to the fabric, and in the second, the pattern itself.
How to decorate a face towel:
- Embroider the owner's name;
- Apply pleasant wishes;
- Draw the water world with threads;
- Decorate the edges with floral and plant motifs.
Personalized towels are a good idea for a birthday present. To make such a little thing, you need to familiarize yourself with the rule for embroidering fonts.
Cross stitch lessons for towels (video)
Cross-stitched towels look beautiful and unusual. Decorate them in this way, and you will become the owner of an exclusive little thing.
Aims and objectives of the lesson: 1. To cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude to the world and art, love for the native land and its culture. 2. Acquaintance with the meaning of the towel, the motifs of Slavic ornamental symbols 3. Develop creative activity, skills in making ornaments and applications, aesthetic and artistic
Birth towel A little man is born, the midwife takes him on a towel, which his mother lovingly embroidered. While still in the girls, she took care of her baby, providing a towel with rich protective symbols. This towel is called maternity.
Wiping towel Our distant ancestors had a daily magical ritual of cleansing with water. In the morning - from night fears and horrors, in the evening - from daytime hardships, worries and fatigue. The rite of purification also included wiping the face with a towel and called it wiping.
wedding ceremony“bread and salt” The ritual “bread and salt” at a wedding is a tradition of meeting the newlyweds' parents of the groom at home with a loaf of salt, which has its roots in those distant times, when after the wedding the young wife always moved to her husband's permanent place of residence.
Makosh - mother-cheese earth (mother of a good harvest) In ancient times, a woman was deified, because she extended the family, was a symbol of the unity of the forces of earth and heaven, on which human life depended. She was depicted as a female figure with birds in raised hands.
Black or blue is associated with an understanding of the brevity of human life; Black or blue is associated with an understanding of the brevity of human life; more often used in the clothes of very elderly people. more often used in the clothes of very elderly people. Symbolism of color
From landscape sheet cut out elegant “laces” and decorate your towel with them. In order to make a "lace towel", you must: 1. fold the sheet several times with an "accordion"; 2. Cut out an openwork pattern to decorate the edge of the towel; 3. Take strips of colored paper and, folding them like an accordion, cut out the pattern using famous symbols
Stages of work: 2. Fold each lapel to the fold Fold the paper in half lengthwise
Lesson topic:Sketch of an embroidery ornament on a towel.
Lesson type: combined
The purpose of the lesson: Introduction to the symbolic meaning of the towel.
Tasks:
To acquaint students with the symbolic meaning of the towel, the motifs of the ornament on it.
Development of figurative thinking, artistic taste, creative activity, independence.
To cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude to the world and art, to national traditions.
Lesson equipment: Multimedia projector, computer, magnetic board, illustrations depicting embroidered products, tables depicting signs of symbols, embroidery designs, embroidered works, presentation in PowerPoint format (Appendix 1).
At the student:paper, markers, paints, brushes, white paper, scissors.
During the classes:
Organizing time:
1. Greeting.
2. Check readiness for the lesson.
3. Check for absentees in class.
4. Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Main part:
1. A conversation about the symbolic meaning of embroidery and towels in the life of a Russian person.
4. Summing up, exhibition of works.
The art of embroidery in Rus' has been known since ancient times. Everything that surrounded a person in everyday life was carefully decorated by hardworking peasant hands.
Since ancient times, the ability to create marvelous embroidered patterns on fabric has been revered in Rus'. Women of any age and class have been engaged in this art for many centuries.
But embroidery is most widespread in the Russian village, where various patterns were the most important decoration of clothing and household items.
Girls began to learn to embroider at the age of 7-8 and from childhood they prepared a dowry for themselves.
Patterns and techniques of craftsmanship, and artistic features of ancient embroideries were passed down from generation to generation. Each of the embroiderers supplemented the information received with something of her own. But the tradition was not destroyed.
The towel played an important role in folk life. The towel has always been a very strong amulet that has passed from the pagan tradition to the Christian one.
A pattern was embroidered on a towel with red threads - it was an ancient amulet of the house from evil spirits.
The ancient Slavs believed that a person's life has a beginning and an end, and a towel accompanies him all his life from birth to death. A little man was born, a midwife takes him on a towel, which his mother lovingly embroidered. While still in the girls, she took care of her baby, providing a towel with rich protective symbols. This towel is called maternity.
They tied a child on a bare tummy belt from bleached sheep's wool. The ends of the girdle closed, resulting in a circle-symbol of the sun and infinity. Unbelted - it means that he opened himself to evil spirits.
Baby swaddled in swaddling- a narrow long strip of fabric, this is also a towel.
Our distant ancestors had a daily magical ritual of cleansing with water. In the morning - from night fears and horrors, in the evening - from daytime hardships, worries and fatigue. The rite of purification included, and wiping the face with a towel and called it wiping.
At the wedding of the bride and groom, the parents met and blessed with a towel in their hands, on which there were bread and salt. This towel is called wedding.
And on the last journey, to the cemetery, they escort a person, carrying him on towels, on which they lower him into the grave. it funerary towels. The funeral towel depicted the symbols of the soul and the funeral (sacrificial) pyre. Funeral towels after the ceremony were given to the temple, for the mention of the soul.
You see what a deep symbolic meaning the most common and ancient item of folk life has - towels.
All towels had an embroidered pattern. Embroideries embodied ancient folk symbols and rituals.
Sunrevered as a source of life, with great cleansing and protective power. They turned to him with prayers for fertility and prosperity. It was depicted as a circle, a flower.
An oblique cross with curved ends is a solar sign - the solstice (change of day and night, seasons).
Earth,in the view of Russian peasants, endowed with human features. She was called "Nurse - mother-cheese Earth."
font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family: "times new roman>She was revered in close connection with water and vegetation. She was depicted as a female figure (Makosh) with birds in raised hands, inside which a tree grew, and at the feet or along the edge of the clothes there was a jagged line depicting water.
It was believed that bird brings good to a person. Therefore, at the ends of wedding towels, birds were always embroidered as a sign of consent, love and peace in the house, either in the form of a proud bird - a peahen, or in the form of an elegant duck floating on the waves.
The guardian of the hearth was considered horse, perceived as the strongest pet. According to an ancient legend, the horse was given an honorable role to participate in the movement of the sun across the sky, which during the day rushes in a chariot harnessed by golden-haired horses, and at night floats across the blue sea in a boat. The figures of horses and boats were depicted on valances and towels.
font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" times new roman>Tree
- one of the oldest symbols, the Tree of Life, as the ancestors represented the universe. They thought that there are gardens of Eden in heaven, and a miracle tree with magical fruits grows there. The tree of life, the tree that gives birth to new life, was a symbol of life, the unity of the family, its continuation and well-being.
life-giving power water, feeding the Earth, was depicted in the form of water-fowl forces, and the waters themselves - in the form of zigzag stripes.
The main colors in embroidery were red and white.
White color was revered as a symbol of beauty and purity.
Red color - a symbol of fire - in the popular imagination is beautiful, beautiful. There are other colors in the embroidery, but white and red are the main ones.
Statement of the artistic task.
Complete your sketch of an embroidered towel based on folk embroidery.
Practical implementation of the task.
Try to create a composition of signs-symbols, solve the same pictorial motif in different ways. Cut out “lace” from thin paper and decorate a towel with them.
Summarizing.
At the end of the lesson, an express exhibition of finished works is organized on the board
Literature
Anichkov and Ancient Rus'. SPb., 1914.
Afanasiev life. M., 1983.
Bulls of pagan gods. Myths of the ancient Slavs. M., 2001.
Veles book. M., 1995.
"Baptism of Rus'": facts against legends and myths. M., 1984.
Demin paths of the Slavic tribes. M., 2002.
World of Slavic gods. M., 2000.
Fishermen of the ancient Slavs. Book of Veles / Comp. , . Saratov, 1993.
Corinthian Rus: legends, beliefs, customs and proverbs all year round. Smolensk. 1995.
Krivosheev of the Eastern Slavs on the eve of the baptism of Rus'. L., 1988.
Myths of the Russian people. M., 2003.
Makovsky dictionary of mythological symbols in Indo-European languages. The image of the world and the worlds of images. M., 1996.
Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1997.
Slavic antiquities. M., 2000.
On the functions of cosmological descriptions in the funeral cult // Customs and cultural-differentiating traditions among the peoples of the world. M. 1979. S. 3-16.
Petrukhin ethnocultural history of Rus'. - Smolensk, 1995.
The Tale of Bygone Years. Part 1 - 2. M.-L., 1950.
Rybakov Rus: legends, epics, annals. M., 1963.
Fishermen of Ancient Rus'. M., 1987.
Fishermen of the ancient Slavs. M., 1994.
Slavic mythology. Encyclopedic Dictionary. / Ed. , . M., 1995.
From Slavic pagan terminology. // Etymology 1986-87. M., 1989. S. 3-50.
Toporov art and mythology. Myths of the peoples of the world. T. 1. M., 1980.