What lovers used to call each other. Affectionate names and nicknames that girls in Rus' called their lovers

Yoga is the ability to direct the mind exclusively towards an object and keep that direction without being distracted.

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In Rus', they called a beloved man - "The light of my eyes", because a man is the Way, this is an arrow indicating the ascent to the upper worlds.
loving woman admiringly looks at her beloved, as at a light that helps her not to forget herself.

And the woman was called - "My soul."

Because it reminds of that, for the sake of which it only makes sense to move on this Path. Everything is just for the soul. There is no sense in anything: neither in wars, nor accomplishments, nor in knowledge, nor in abilities - if the soul is forgotten.

A man looks at his woman and cannot be afraid, cannot betray, cannot give up, because his soul looks at him through her eyes. And will not accept any false excuses. Don't lie to your soul.

And sometimes he will become coarse in battles so that even the battles themselves will become the meaning of life. And he will look into her eyes, hear her voice - the coldness of his heart will melt. And he will stop shedding blood and cry. It will melt the ice that fettered the soul

Or vice versa: he will throw off the yoke and stand up to his full height, take up arms and fight until he frees his soul and his people, or until he dies in this battle. And in moments of fear for the body, her eyes will stand before him. And fear will recede before this look. And go into battle...

What is a man for a woman?

When the woman-shorewoman gets confused, gets bogged down in the bustle, saving everything and even forgetting why she saves it, she will look into his eyes and remember.
He won't even remember, but he will see the Way directly.
And she will understand why she should cherish, why she should keep it, and why not give up even a tiny bit of beauty.
Why provide space?
Why not turn into a kitchen woman.
There is great meaning in all this, because through the eyes of the beloved one can see the light of the Other World.
And this world is the real Home and Motherland. He is waiting. He is not an invention. Because the man himself carries his spirit in everything that he does ...

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In Rus', they called a beloved man - the Light of my eyes, because a man is the Way, this is an arrow indicating the ascent to the upper worlds. A loving woman admiringly looks at her beloved as a light that helps her not to forget herself.

And the woman was called - “My soul.

A man looks at his woman and cannot be afraid, cannot betray, cannot give up, because his soul looks at him through her eyes. And will not accept any false excuses. Don't lie to your soul.

What is a man for a woman?

When the woman-shorewoman gets confused, gets bogged down in the bustle, saving everything and even forgetting why she saves it, she will look into his eyes and remember. He won't even remember, but he will see the Way directly. And she will understand why she should cherish, why she should keep it, and why not give up even a tiny bit of beauty. Why provide space? Why not turn into a kitchen woman. There is great meaning in all this, because through the eyes of the beloved one can see the light of the Other World. And this world is the real Home and Motherland. He is waiting. He is not an invention. Because the man himself carries his spirit in everything that he does ...

Each of us has both masculine and feminine energies.

A man is a giver: care, finance, shelter. Courage is manifested in the way of giving. If he does not feel the oncoming flow female love he stops giving. A man needs a woman to LOVE him: not to teach, not to educate, but to ACCEPT him.

Femininity is revealed in acceptance. She must learn to accept: his decisions, his reactions, his essence.

The woman's ability to accept her man without reasoning develops the man's ability to give his power to the woman; the love of a woman consists in accepting a man, the ability to embrace love with emotional energy puts a woman in a number of human virtues. Tenderness, humility, respect, tolerance - these four energies teach a man to live through generosity. A protective field is formed around him, the strength of which is life aspirations, success.

If a woman possesses these energies, a man becomes magnanimous, and a protective energy shell is formed around him: career growth, success in life, emotional balance.

Modern women carry too many masculine energies. They have forgotten how to love with their hearts and feelings. Love began to come from the mind. Girls strive to choose a husband not with their hearts, but with their minds: he earns well, he has his own property, he will be a good father ...

In women, the energies that are necessary for procreation have changed: the woman also began to give herself, showing excessive concern for her son, preventing him from manifesting his masculine qualities; about her husband, becoming him not a wife, but a mother. This is - male ways of creating with your mind. All this affects the exchange of energies between a man and a woman ... It is from here that a large number of disagreement in a couple.

The main manifestation of Femininity is acceptance. The ability to accept a man in all its manifestations. This does not mean to humiliate yourself in front of him. This means being able to envelop him with vitality, unconditional love, from which he will draw his strength and give the woman even more of his creativity, his victories, his joyful accomplishments ..

Earth gently... dawn hugs...
I kiss... kiss... you...
Threads again... fate... braids...
You are my light... you... my soul.

My soul.

So a loving man called his beloved woman.

The soul is the sensual center of a person; it is not for nothing that they say about a devastated person: "he lost his soul." And if you have found love, you have found your soul.

The most blissful state is when everything is done for the soul, and when the soul is in place.

Love for a woman is that beacon that pushes a man to exploits, for the sake of which it is necessary to
striving for something, achieving something. Otherwise, any business becomes meaningless.

It turns out that the soul itself looks at a man through the eyes of a woman, and you can’t lie to her and you can’t betray her, because you betray your own soul.

A woman spiritualizes the life path of a man, in addition, this appeal carries a special energy, we can say that this appeal is magical.

But in general, there were other appeals to wives, and they are no less sincere.

Ladushka,
My love
Beauty Beloved,
my dove,
The swan is white.

I think that if instead of "fish" and "pussies" we used them, then modern marriages would be much stronger.

In the Old Slavonic language, a man was denoted by the majestic word "husband" (mo˛zhъ), which most fully revealed the essence of a male person and contrasted him with women - wives. “And Oleg came to Smolensk and put your husband in it” (“The Tale of Bygone Years”).

The word "husband" itself is of Indo-European origin and is related to this word in other languages. For example, with the word man in English. Moreover, often in related languages, the same word or its derivative denotes a spouse - a man who is the husband of his wife.

In addition to “husband”, to denote the age of a man and indicate his legal capacity in Rus', there were such words as “boy”, “lad” and “old man” “... and deciding the elder of the kozars:“ No good tribute, prince! .. ”(there same).

A man could also be designated according to his social status - a slave, a servant, a prince, a warrior.

How did it happen that the biblical “husband” became a man, and then a man at all, that is, they began to designate him with a word that carries a share of derogation?

Men were "great" and "small"

The philologist Valery Anatolyevich Efremov, who studied the problem of naming a man, in his work “Nominations of a Man in the Russian Language” (magazine “The World of the Russian Word”) indicates that up to the 13th century a free citizen was called a husband in Rus'. Not a slave or a servant. Moreover, among the husbands there was a hierarchy.

The annals often spoke of "noble", "glorious", "great" men and "lesser" or "younger" men. Obviously, in the latter case, it was not always about the younger generation, but also about simpler people who were also free citizens, but had less responsibility to other people and the fatherland and did not have a noble origin.

A man is a community!

Around the 15th century, the word “man” began to appear in chronicles and letters in various variations - “man”, “man”. It is derived from the adjective "muzhsk" by adding the suffix -schin (a), which has the meaning of collectiveness, generalization (by analogy with the Smolensk region, foreign land or boyars).

Initially, the word "man" was used as a vernacular, but over time it began to enter into the colloquial speech of Russian people. Gradually, it lost its original meaning of community and began to mean "male person", by analogy with "woman", "hillbilly" or "fatherless".

How a "husband" became a husband

The separation of the semantic meaning of the words "husband" and "man" occurred around the 18th century. The impersonal "man" replaced "husband" as a representative of the sex, and "husband" in a neutral context began to mean married man. And in the "high" style, they began to call a worthy person who has merits before others. The phrases “this worthy husband”, “learned men” and others also spread.

In the 19th century, the word "man" came into active use, and the 20th century finally fixed this word in the lexicon of Soviet citizens, but this was done for the sake of ... ideology! But everything is in order.

Where did the "men" come from?

As for the word “muzhik”, as Efremov writes, it arose at about the same time as “man” - around the 15th century and is first encountered in Afanasy Nikitin’s “Journey Beyond Three Seas”, who writes: “And the peasants and the women are all naked, and all are black.”

According to philologists, the word “muzhik” comes from the fact that in Rus' common people were often referred to as minors, incompetent in the full sense of the word, limited by some circumstances, such as poverty.

Are the Bolsheviks to blame?

For the first three centuries, this word carried all three meanings - it meant, in fact, a man, as a male carrier, a married man, and they also called peasants, residents countryside. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the word was completely neutral, as the Dictionary of the Russian Academy defined it, and only with the coming to power of the Bolsheviks did a sharp separation of the meanings of the words “man” and “muzhik” occur.

They began to call a peasant a rude, uncouth person and began to oppose him to a “man”, who was supposed to be smart and educated, “real”. An opposition man-muzhik was formed, in which the latter was assigned the role of an ideological marginal - a fist drugged by priests or a drunkard and a slob.

The Man is back!

However, recently, as V. A. Efremov notes, a positive assessment begins to return to the word “man”: “A real man!”, “He is an honest hard worker, and most importantly, a man!”, While the word “man” acquires more and more negative shades, which are associated with the inability of intellectuals to quickly solve everyday problems, with the "effeminacy" of the townspeople and, possibly, with homosexuality.

Scientists do not know what is the reason for such a rethinking of old words: perhaps self-consciousness is returning to the Russian people, or maybe in the urban cultural environment people are just playing with words. In any case, scientists believe that soon the word "man" may finally replace the word "man".

We show affection to our relatives, to a loved one, to a child. We often give our loved ones special affectionate names. And how was it in Rus'?

caresses before marriage

Very little is known about the caresses and intimate life of the ancient Slavs. A number of researchers believe that in the pre-Christian era, premarital sexual relations in Rus' were the norm, and sometimes our ancestors even staged orgies, usually associated with certain pagan holidays.

Like it or not, a moot point, to which there is no unequivocal answer in historical sources. But with the advent of Christianity intimate relationship began to be perceived differently. Although, of course, not every girl "vomited herself to the crown." However, premarital sex began to be considered a sin.

And yet this did not mean that Russian girls had no contact with guys at all before the wedding, especially peasant women. Guys and girls met at work in the field, at gatherings, on holidays. And often love relationships began between them.

What could an unmarried girl afford if she did not want to be considered a harlot? Of course, there were hugs and touches. A guy and a girl who liked each other could imperceptibly touch each other with their palms, interlace their fingers, and those who were braver walked holding hands. And of course they kissed.

In the course were affectionate appeals, many of which are no longer used in modern Russian. For example, a girl could call her beloved “zabny” - “sweet, kind, desirable”; "okay" - "good, beloved"; "my clear month." The guy, in turn, could call his beloved “belushka”, “darling”, “drolechka”, “darling”, “darling”, “darling”, “darling”, “cherish”. Regardless of gender, the lovers addressed each other with the words: “Darling, dear!” It usually sounded like a greeting.

Between wives and husbands

Between husband and wife there was an appeal “you are my warm warmer!” A married woman could address her husband with the words: "The light of my eyes." A man in Rus' was a light for a woman, which illuminated her path, allowed her to realize her creative beginning. There were other appeals: “my clear falcon”, “my love”, “good fellow”, “my betrothed”, “hero”, “delight of my heart”, “dear friend”, “my friend”, “dear friend”. The husband addressed his wife: “My soul”, since the beloved woman personified the spiritual meaning of his being, inspired him to exploits and accomplishments. Often wives were called lovingly: “beloved beauty”, “my dove”, “white swan”.

Women were especially fond of their husbands, if they were out of sorts, angry with something, they tried to calm them down: “You are my clear falcon, the light of my eyes, lie down, rest from the road!” If the husband was angry with his wife for something, she could throw herself at his feet, hug him, saying: “The delight of my heart, there is no guilt before you!” By the way, in Rus' for a long time there was a custom when a wife had to wash her husband's feet.

How were children caressed in Rus'?

Their "affectionate" traditions also existed in relation to children, although in Rus' it was not customary to pamper them too much. A woman could hug a child to her if he was frightened or she tried to protect him, it was customary to stroke the kids on the head, ruffle their hair, kiss them on the forehead. And often a woman behaved like that with other people's children, not only with her own.

Such modern addresses as "boy", "girl", "baby" were not in use. Juveniles were most often called the word "child". Adolescents, depending on gender - "boy" or "girl". They called their children affectionate nicknames: "fish", "bunny", "seed", "bird", "sun". A boy or a young man could be called "darling", "kasatik", "falcon". Girl or girl - "devonka". Later, appeals appeared that are still in use today: “son”, “daughter”, “granddaughter”, “granddaughter”.

As you can see, times are changing. Nowadays, even at the first meeting, caresses between a very young guy and a girl can be very frank. Some caressing words have gone out of use, they have been replaced by others. But the essence of this has not changed, and people's need for tenderness has not gone away.