Introduction
Research report - a scientific and technical document that contains systematized data on research work, describing the process or results of scientific and technical research or the state of a scientific and technical problem.
When performing R&D, in addition to the final report on the work as a whole, interim reports on individual stages of R&D can be drawn up. The research report is subject to mandatory regulatory control in the executing organization. When conducting standard control, it is recommended to be guided by GOST 2.111.
The executing organization is responsible for the accuracy of the data contained in the report and for its compliance with the requirements of this standard. Structural elements of the R&D report are: title page; list of performers; abstract; content; list of abbreviations, symbols, symbols, units and terms; introduction; main part; conclusion; list of sources used; applications.
The purpose of this work is to study the essence and rules of writing a research paper.
In accordance with the goal, the following tasks of the work are distinguished:
In the theoretical part, consider a report on the results of research work (R&D), forms of registration of the results of R&D. The structure and components of the research report: content, introduction, main part, conclusion. Basic formatting requirements.
Complete the practical task.
Develop a glossary of terms.
> Report on the results of research work (R&D)
scientific research report
At the end of the R&D (stage / stage), it is necessary to submit the final report. The report is submitted together with the Information Card (IC). The report must be drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the state standard governing the general requirements for the report and the rules for its execution.
General requirements and registration rules
The R&D report is a scientific and technical document that contains comprehensive systematized information about the work performed (its stage). The release of a research report should be provided for by the terms of reference, plan or program of work. When performing R&D, a final report on the work as a whole and interim reports on individual stages of R&D can be issued. The research report is compiled by the performers of the work, reviewed and approved in the prescribed manner.
The general requirements for the report are:
Clarity and logical sequence of presentation of the material;
Persuasiveness of the argument;
Brevity and accuracy of wording, excluding the possibility of ambiguous interpretation;
Concreteness of the presentation of the results of the work;
Simultaneously with the preparation of the report, the responsible executor, in accordance with the established procedure for state registration and accounting of R&D, fills out an information card of an approved sample.
The report on R&D (its stage) should contain:
List of performers;
Abstract;
List of symbols, symbols, units and terms;
Introduction;
main part;
Conclusion;
List of sources used;
Applications.
The title page is the first page of the report and serves as a source of information necessary for processing and searching for the document. The title page contains the following information:
1) the name of the organization - the executor of research;
3) the state registration number, as well as the inventory number of the report (not affixed by the executing organization). These data are placed one below the other;
4) columns of coordination and approval;
5) the name of the work;
6) title of the report;
7) type of report (final, intermediate)
8) number (cipher) of the topic;
9) positions, academic degrees, academic titles, surnames and initials of the heads of the R&D executing organization, R&D leaders;
10) place and date of drawing up the report.
If the R&D report consists of two or more books, each book must have its own title page, corresponding to the title page of the first book and containing information related to this book.
The list should include surnames and initials, positions, academic degrees, academic titles of R&D leaders, responsible executors, executors and co-executors who took a creative part in the performance of the work.
If the report is made by one performer, his name, position, academic title and signature are placed on the title page.
The abstract must contain:
Information about the volume, number of illustrations, tables, number of books in the report, number of sources used, language (if the text is not written in Russian);
List of keywords;
Abstract text.
The list of keywords should characterize the content of the refereed report. The list should include from 5 to 15 keywords in the nominative case, printed on a line, separated by commas.
The text of the abstract should reflect:
Object of research or development;
Goal of the work;
Research method and equipment;
The results obtained and their novelty;
Basic design, technological and technical and operational characteristics.
Application area;
The cost-effectiveness or value of the work;
Forecast assumptions about the development of the object of study.
If the report does not contain information on any structural part of the abstract, then only the remaining parts are reflected in the abstract, preserving the sequence of presentation.
The content includes the title of the introduction, all sections, subsections and paragraphs (if they have a title) and the conclusion, indicating the page numbers from which these elements of the R&D report begin. When preparing a report consisting of two or more parts (books), each of them must have its own "Content". In this case, the contents of the entire report are placed in the first book, indicating the numbers of the parts, in the subsequent ones, only the content of the corresponding part. It is allowed to indicate in the first book instead of the content of subsequent books only their titles. In a research report with a volume of less than 10 pages, the content may not be compiled.
If the report adopts specific terminology, as well as uses less common abbreviations, new symbols, designations, etc., then their list should be presented in the report as a separate list. The list should be arranged in a column in which, for example, an abbreviation is given on the left (in alphabetical order), and its detailed transcript is given on the right.
If special terms, abbreviations, symbols, designations, etc. are repeated less than three times in the report, the LIST is not compiled, and their decoding is given in the text at the first mention.
The introduction of the report should contain an assessment of the current state of the scientific and technical problem being solved, the basis and initial data for the development of the topic, the rationale for the need for research. The introduction should show the relevance and novelty of the topic, the relationship of this work with other research projects.
In the introduction of the interim report on the research stage, the goals and objectives of the research at the stage and their place in the implementation of the research as a whole and the rationale for selecting the stage should be given.
In the introduction of the final report on R&D, a list of the names of all prepared intermediate reports by stages and their inventory numbers is placed.
The main part of the research reports should contain data reflecting the essence, methodology and main results of the research carried out.
The main part should contain:
Choice of the direction of research, including the justification for the choice of the accepted direction of research, methods for solving problems and their comparative assessment, the development of a general methodology for conducting research;
Theoretical and (or) experimental studies, including the determination of the nature and content of theoretical studies, research methods, calculation methods, justification for the need for experimental work, the principles of operation of the developed objects, their characteristics, the rationale for the chosen metrological support for work, data on measurement objects, measured quantities and measuring instruments, their metrological characteristics, assessment of the correctness and efficiency of the choice of measuring instruments and methods for performing measurements, information about their certification, assessment of measurement errors, experimental data obtained;
Generalization and evaluation of research results, including an assessment of the completeness of the solution of the task and proposals for further areas of work, an assessment of the reliability of the results obtained and their comparison with similar results of domestic and foreign studies, justification of the need for additional research, negative results leading to the need to stop further studies.
Depending on the specifics of the research, the main part is presented in the form of text, tables, a combination of illustrations and tables, or a combination of text, illustrations and tables.
The main part of the report should be divided into sections and paragraphs. Sections of the main part can be divided into paragraphs or subsections and paragraphs. Items, if necessary, can be divided into sub-items. Each item must contain complete information.
The conclusion must contain:
Brief conclusions on the results of the completed research or its individual stages, assessment of the completeness of the solutions to the tasks set, development of recommendations and initial data on the specific use of the research results, assessment of the technical and economic efficiency of implementation. In the conclusion to the research report, for which it is impossible to determine the technical and economic effect, it is necessary to indicate the national economic, scientific, social value of the results of the work;
Evaluation of the scientific and technical level of the performed R&D in comparison with the best achievements in this field.
The list of sources used should contain information about the sources used in the preparation of the report. Information about sources is given in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.1.
Materials supplementing the report;
Intermediate mathematical proofs, formulas and calculations;
Tables of auxiliary digital data;
Test protocols and acts;
Descriptions of equipment and instruments used in experiments, measurements and tests;
Instructions and methods, descriptions of algorithms and programs for tasks solved on a computer, developed in the process of performing research;
Ancillary illustrations;
A copy of the terms of reference for research, work program, contract or other source document for the implementation of research;
Acts of implementation of research results, etc.
M E F G O S U D A R S T V E N N Y S T A N D A R T
System of standards on information, librarianship and publishing
RESEARCH REPORT
Structure and design rules
(as amended by 20.02.2002 and changes from 30.06.2006)
System of standards on information, librarianship and publishing. The research report.
Structure and rules of presentation
Foreword
1 DEVELOPED by the All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, the All-Russian Scientific and Technical Information Center and the Interstate Technical Committee for Standardization MTK191 "Scientific and Technical Information, Library and Publishing"
INTRODUCED by Gosstandart of Russia
2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (report of the Technical Secretariat 1 19 dated May 22, 2001)
State name | Name of the national standardization body |
|---|---|
| The Republic of Azerbaijan | Azgosstandart |
| Republic of Armenia | Armstate standard |
| Republic of Belarus | State Standard of the Republic of Belarus |
| The Republic of Kazakhstan | State Standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
| Republic of Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyzstandart |
| The Republic of Moldova | Moldovastandard |
| Russian Federation | Gosstandart of Russia |
| The Republic of Tajikistan | Tajikstandart |
| Turkmenistan | Main State Service "Turkmenstandartlary" |
| The Republic of Uzbekistan | Uzgosstandart |
3 Decree of the State Committee Russian Federation on standardization and metrology of September 4, 2001 1 367-st interstate standard GOST 7.32-2001 was put into effect directly as the state standard of the Russian Federation from July 1, 2002.
4 INSTEAD OF GOST 7.3291
1 area of use
This International Standard establishes general requirements for the structure and rules for the preparation of scientific and technical reports, as well as rules for those cases where a single registration procedure will facilitate the exchange of information, improving the processing of the report in the information system.
This standard applies to reports on fundamental, exploratory, applied research work (R&D) in all areas of science and technology, carried out by research, design, engineering organizations, higher educational institutions, research and production and production associations, industrial enterprises, joint-stock companies societies and other organizations.
The provisions of this standard can be used when preparing a report in other areas of scientific activity.
The standard does not apply to humanities R&D reports.
2 Normative references
GOST 1.593 State standardization system of the Russian Federation. General requirements for the construction, presentation, design and content of standards
GOST 2.10595 Unified system for design documentation. General requirements for text documents
GOST 2.11168 Unified system for design documentation. Norm control
GOST 6.3890 Unified documentation systems. System of organizational and administrative documentation. Documentation requirements
GOST 7.184 System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing. Bibliographic description of the document. General requirements and drafting rules
GOST 7.1-2003 System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing. Bibliographic record. Bibliographic description. General requirements and drafting rules
GOST 7.995 (ISO 21476) System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing. Abstract and abstract. General requirements
GOST 7.1293 System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing. Bibliographic record. Abbreviation of words in Russian. General requirements and rules
GOST 7.5488 System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing. Representation of numerical data on the properties of substances and materials in scientific and technical documents. General requirements
GOST 8.41781 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of physical quantities
GOST 8.417-2002 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units
GOST 13.1.00280 Reprography. Micrography. Shooting documents. General requirements and norms
GOST 13.1.002-2003 Reprography. Micrography. Documents for microfilming. General requirements and norms
5 Requirements for the content of structural elements of the report
5.1 Title page
5.1.1 The title page is the first page of the research report and serves as a source of information necessary for processing and searching for the document.
5.1.2 The title page contains the following information:
- name of the parent organization;
- name of the R&D executing organization;
- index of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC);
- codes of the Highest classification groupings of the All-Russian classifier of industrial and agricultural products for research (VKGOKP), preceding the production of products;
- numbers identifying the report;
- stamps of approval and approval;
- job title;
- name of the report;
- type of report (final, intermediate);
- number (cipher) of the work;
- positions, academic degrees, academic titles, surnames and initials of the heads of the R&D executing organization, R&D leaders;
- place and date of the report.
5.1.3 If the research report consists of two or more parts, then each part must have its own title page, corresponding to the title page of the first part and containing information related to this part.
5.1.4 The title page should be drawn up in accordance with.
5.2 List of performers
5.2.1 The list of performers should include the names and initials, positions, academic degrees, academic titles of R&D leaders, responsible performers, performers and co-executors who took a creative part in the performance of the work.
5.2.2 If the report is made by one performer, then his position, academic degree, academic title, surname and initials should be indicated on the title page of the report.
5.2.3 The list of performers should be drawn up in accordance with.
5.3 Abstract
5.3.1 General requirements for an abstract for a research report - in accordance with GOST 7.9.
5.3.2 The abstract must contain:
- information about the scope of the report, the number of illustrations, tables, applications, the number of parts of the report, the number of sources used;
- list of keywords;
- abstract text.
5.3.2.1 The list of keywords should include from 5 to 15 words or phrases from the text of the report, which characterize its content to the greatest extent and provide the possibility of information retrieval. Key words are given in the nominative case and are printed in lowercase capital letters in a line separated by commas.
5.3.2.2 The text of the abstract should reflect:
- object of research or development;
- Objective;
- method or methodology of work;
- results of work and their novelty;
- basic design, technological and technical and operational characteristics;
- degree of implementation;
- recommendations for the implementation or results of the implementation of research results;
- application area;
- the cost-effectiveness or value of the work;
- predictive assumptions about the development of the object of study.
If the report does not contain information on any of the listed structural parts of the abstract, then it is omitted in the text of the abstract, while the sequence of presentation is preserved.
5.3.3 An example of compiling an abstract is given in.
5.4.1 The content includes an introduction, the title of all sections, subsections, paragraphs (if they have a title), a conclusion, a list of sources used and the title of applications indicating the page numbers from which these elements of the R&D report begin.
5.4.2 When compiling a report consisting of two or more parts, each of them should have its own content. In this case, the contents of the entire report are placed in the first part, indicating the numbers of the parts, in the subsequent ones - only the content of the corresponding part. In the first part, instead of the content of subsequent parts, it is allowed to indicate only their names.
5.4.3 In a research report with a volume of no more than 10 pages, the content may not be compiled.
5.5 Normative references
5.5.1 The structural element "Normative references" contains a list of standards, which in the text report standard given link.
5.5.2 The list of referenced standards begins with the words: "The references to the following standards have been used in this R&D report."
5.5.3 The list includes designations of standards and their names in ascending order of registration numbers of designations.
5.6 Definitions
5.6.1 The "Definitions" structural element contains the definitions necessary to clarify or establish the terms used in R&D.
5.6.2 The list of definitions begins with the words: "The following terms are used in this R&D report with their respective definitions."
5.7 Symbols and abbreviations
5.7.1 The structural element "Symbols and abbreviations" contains a list of symbols and abbreviations used in this R&D report.
5.7.2 Recording of designations and abbreviations is carried out in the order they are given in the text of the report with the necessary decoding and explanations.
5.7.3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations are allowed to be given in one structural element "Definitions, symbols and abbreviations".
5.8 Introduction
5.8.1 The introduction should contain an assessment of the current state of the scientific and technical problem being solved, the basis and initial data for the development of the topic, the rationale for the need to conduct research, information about the planned scientific and technical level of development, patent research and conclusions from them, information about the metrological support of research. The introduction should show the relevance and novelty of the topic, the relationship of this work with other research projects.
5.8.2 In the introduction of the interim report on the research stage, the goals and objectives of the research stage, their place in the implementation of research as a whole, should be given.
5.8.3 In the introduction of the final report on R&D, a list of the names of all prepared intermediate reports by stages and their inventory numbers is placed.
5.9 Main body
5.9.1 The main part of the report contains data reflecting the essence, methodology and main results of the research carried out.
5.9.2 The main part should contain:
a) the choice of the direction of research, including the justification of the direction of research, methods for solving problems and their comparative assessment, a description of the chosen general methodology for conducting research;
b) the process of theoretical and (or) experimental research, including the determination of the nature and content of theoretical research, research methods, calculation methods, justification for the need for experimental work, the principles of operation of the developed objects, their characteristics;
c) generalization and evaluation of research results, including evaluation of the completeness of the solution of the task and proposals for further areas of work, evaluation of the reliability of the results obtained and technical and economic efficiency of their implementation and their comparison with similar results of domestic and foreign works, substantiation of the need for additional research, negative results leading to the need to stop further research.
5.9.3 Presentation in the report of data on the properties of substances and materials is carried out in accordance with GOST 7.54, units of physical quantities - in accordance with GOST 8.417.
5.10 Conclusion
The conclusion must contain:
- brief conclusions on the results of the performed research or its individual stages;
- assessment of the completeness of solutions to the tasks;
- development of recommendations and baseline data on the specific use of research results;
- assessment evaluation results technical and economic efficiency of implementation;
- assessment evaluation results scientific and technical level of the performed R&D in comparison with the best achievements in this field.
5.11 List of sources used
The list should contain information about the sources used in the preparation of the report. Information about sources is given in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.1.
5.12 Applications
Applications may include:
- intermediate mathematical proofs, formulas and calculations;
- tables of auxiliary digital data;
- test reports;
- description of equipment and instruments used in experiments, measurements and tests;
- the conclusion of the metrological examination;
- instructions, methods developed in the process of performing research;
- auxiliary illustrations;
- copies of the terms of reference for R&D, work program, contract or other source document for R&D;
- protocol of consideration of the completed research at the scientific and technical council;
- acts of implementation of research results, etc.
5.12.2 The appendices to the R&D report prior to putting the product into production must include a draft technical assignment for the development (modernization) of the product or a document (application, protocol, contract, etc.) containing reasonable technical and economic requirements for the product.
5.12.3 Annexes to the research report, which includes patent research, should include a patent research report drawn up in accordance with GOST 15.011, a bibliographic list of publications and patent documents obtained as a result of research, in accordance with GOST 7.1.
5.12.4 Applications should be made in accordance with 6.14.
6 Report formatting rules
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 The presentation of the text and the design of the report are carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard, GOST 2.105 and GOST 6.38. The text pages of the R&D report and the illustrations and tables included in the report must comply with the A4 format in accordance with GOST 9327. A3 format is allowed if available a large number tables and illustrations of this format.
6.1.2 The R&D report must be made by any printing method on a typewriter or using a computer and a printer on one side of a sheet of A4 white paper at one and a half intervals. The font color must be black, the height of letters, numbers and other characters - at least 1.8 mm (point size at least 12). Bold font is not used.
The text of the report should be printed with the following margins: right - 10 mm, top - 20 mm, left and bottom - 20 mm.
The text of the report should be printed observing the following margins: right - at least 10 mm, top and bottom - at least 20 mm, left - at least 30 mm.
It is allowed to use the computer capabilities of focusing on certain terms, formulas, theorems, using fonts of different fonts.
6.1.3 Regardless of the way the report is made, the quality of the printed text and the design of illustrations, tables, printouts from a PC must satisfy the requirement for their clear reproduction.
6.1.4 When running a report, you must maintain uniform density, contrast, and image clarity throughout the report. The report should contain clear, unblurred lines, letters, numbers and signs.
6.1.5 Misprints, misprints and graphical inaccuracies discovered during the preparation of the report may be corrected by erasing or painting over with white paint and applying the corrected text (graphics) in the same place in typewritten way or in black ink, paste or ink - in handwritten way.
Sheet damage text documents reports, blots and traces of incompletely deleted former text (graphics) are not allowed.
After making corrections, the document must meet the microfilming requirements established by GOST 13.1.002.
6.1.6 Surnames, names of institutions, organizations, firms, product names and other proper names in the report are given in the original language. It is allowed to transliterate proper names and give the names of organizations translated into the language of the report with the addition (at the first mention) of the original name.
6.1.7 Abbreviation of Russian words and phrases in the report - according to GOST 7.12.
6.2 Building a report
6.2.1 The names of the structural elements of the report "List of performers", "Abstract", "Contents", "Normative references", "Definitions", "Designations and abbreviations", "Introduction", "Conclusion", "List of sources used" serve as headings of the structural elements of the report .
6.2.1 The names of the structural elements of the report "LIST OF PERFORMERS", "SUMMARY", "CONTENTS", "DEFINITIONS", "SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS", "INTRODUCTION", "CONCLUSION", "LIST OF USED SOURCES", "APPENDIX" serve as headings of the structural elements of the report. Headings of structural elements should be placed in the middle of the line without a dot at the end and printed in capital letters without underlining.
6.2.2 The main part of the report should be divided into sections, subsections and paragraphs. Items, if necessary, can be divided into sub-items. When dividing the text of the report into paragraphs and subparagraphs, it is necessary that each paragraph contains complete information.
6.2.3 Sections, subsections, paragraphs and subparagraphs should be numbered in Arabic numerals and written with a paragraph indent.
Sections should be numbered sequentially throughout the text, with the exception of appendices.
Example - 1, 2, 3, etc.
The subsection or paragraph number includes the section number and the serial number of the subsection or paragraph, separated by a dot.
Example - 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 etc.
The subparagraph number includes the number of the section, subsection, paragraph and the serial number of the subparagraph, separated by a dot.
Example - 1.1.1.1, 1.1.1.2, 1.1.1.3 etc.
Do not put a dot after the number of the section, subsection, paragraph and subparagraph in the text.
If the text of the report is divided only into paragraphs, they should be numbered, with the exception of applications, by serial numbers within the entire report.
If a section or subsection has only one paragraph or a paragraph has one subparagraph, then it should not be numbered.
6.2.4 Sections and subsections should have headings. Items usually do not have headings. Headings should clearly and concisely reflect the content of sections, subsections.
6.2.5 Headings of sections, subsections and paragraphs should be printed with a paragraph indent with capital letter without a dot at the end, without underlining.
If the heading consists of two sentences, they are separated by a dot.
6.3 Report pagination
6.3.1 Pages of the report should be numbered with Arabic numerals, following continuous numbering throughout the text of the report. The page number is placed in the center of the bottom of the sheet without a dot,
6.3.2 The title page is included in the overall page numbering of the report. The page number on the title page is not affixed.
6.3.3 Illustrations and tables located on separate sheets, are included in the overall pagination of the report.
Illustrations and tables on an A3 sheet are counted as one page.
6.4 Numbering of sections, subsections, paragraphs, subparagraphs of the report
6.4.1 Sections of the report should have serial numbers within the entire report document, indicated by Arabic numerals without a dot and written with a paragraph indent. Subsections should be numbered within each section. The subsection number consists of the section and subsection numbers separated by a dot. There is no dot at the end of the subsection number. Sections, like subsections, can consist of one or more paragraphs.
6.4.2 If the report document does not have subsections, then the numbering of paragraphs in it must be within each section, and the paragraph number must consist of section and paragraph numbers separated by a dot. There is no dot at the end of the paragraph number.
Example
1 Types and main dimensions
1.1
1.2) Numbering of paragraphs of the first section of the report
1.3
2 Technical requirements
2.1
2.2) Numbering of paragraphs of the second section of the report
2.3
If the report has subsections, then the paragraph numbering must be within the subsection and the paragraph number must consist of the section, subsection, and paragraph numbers separated by dots, for example:
3 Test methods
3.1 Apparatus, materials and reagents
3.1.1
3.1.2) Numbering of paragraphs of the first subsection of the third section of the report
3.1.3
3.2 Preparation for the test
3.2.1
3.2.2) Numbering of paragraphs of the second subsection of the third section of the report
3.2.3
6.4.3 If a section consists of one subsection, then the subsection is not numbered. If the subsection consists of one paragraph, then the paragraph is not numbered. The presence of one subsection in a section is equivalent to their actual absence.
6.4.4 If the text of the report is divided only into paragraphs, then they are numbered by serial numbers within the entire report.
6.4.5 Clauses, if necessary, can be divided into subclauses, which should be numbered sequentially within each clause, for example 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.2, 4.2.1.3, etc.
6.4.6 Enumerations may be given within clauses or subclauses.
Each enumeration should be preceded by a hyphen or, if necessary, a reference in the text of the document to one of the enumerations, a lowercase letter (with the exception of z, o, r, b, d, s, b), after which a bracket is placed.
Each item in the enumeration must be preceded by a hyphen. If it is necessary to refer to one of the enumeration elements in the text of the report, instead of a hyphen, lowercase letters are put in the order of the Russian alphabet, starting with the letter a (with the exception of the letters e, h, d, o, h, b, s, b).
For further detailing of enumerations, it is necessary to use Arabic numerals, after which a bracket is placed, and the entry is made from a paragraph indent, as shown in the example.
Example
A) __________
b) __________
1) ______
2) ______
V) __________
6.4.7 If the report consists of two or more parts, each part must have its own serial number. The number of each part should be given in Arabic numerals on the title page under the indication of the type of report, for example, "Part 2".
6.4.8 Each structural element of the report should start from a new sheet (page).
6.4.9 The numbering of the pages of the report and annexes included in the report must be continuous.
6.5 Illustrations
6.5.1 Illustrations (drawings, graphs, diagrams, computer printouts, diagrams, photographs) should be placed in the report immediately after the text in which they are mentioned for the first time, or on the next page.
Illustrations can be computer-generated, including color.
6.5.2 Drawings, graphs, diagrams, diagrams, illustrations placed in the report must comply with the requirements of state standards of the Unified System for Design Documentation (ESKD).
It is allowed to make drawings, graphs, diagrams, charts by means of computer printing.
6.5.3 Photographs smaller than A4 must be pasted on standard sheets of white paper.
6.5.4 Illustrations, with the exception of illustrations of appendices, should be numbered in Arabic numerals through numbering.
If there is only one figure, then it is designated "Figure 1". The word "drawing" and its name are placed in the middle of the line.
6.5.5 It is allowed to number illustrations within the section. In this case, the illustration number consists of the section number and the number of the illustration, separated by a dot. For example, Figure 1.1.
6.5.6 Illustrations, if necessary, may have a name and explanatory data (figure text). The word "Figure" and the name are placed after the explanatory data and arranged as follows: Figure 1 - Details of the device.
6.5.7 The illustrations of each application are designated by a separate numbering in Arabic numerals with the addition of the application designation before the number. For example, Figure A.3.
6.6 Tables
6.6.1 Tables are used for better clarity and ease of comparison of indicators. Title The title of the table, if any, should reflect its content, be precise, and concise. Name The name of the table should be placed above the table on the left, without paragraph indentation, in one line with its number separated by a dash.
When transferring a part of a table, the title is placed only above the first part of the table; the bottom horizontal line that bounds the table is not drawn.
6.6.2 The table should be placed in the report immediately after the text in which it is mentioned for the first time, or on the next page.
6.6.3 All tables must be referenced in the report. When referencing, write the word "table" with its number.
6.6.4 table with big amount lines can be transferred to another sheet (page). When transferring part of the table to another sheet (page), the word "Table" and its number are indicated once to the right above the first part of the table, the word "Continuation" is written above the other parts and the table number is indicated, for example: "Continuation of table 1". When transferring a table to another sheet (page), the heading is placed only above its first part.
6.6.4 A table with a large number of rows can be transferred to another sheet (page). When transferring a part of a table to another sheet (page), the word "Table", its number and name are indicated once on the left above the first part of the table, and above the other parts, the words "Continuation of the table" are also written on the left and indicate the number of the table.
A table with a large number of columns can be divided into parts and placed one part under the other within one page. If the rows and columns of the table go beyond the page format, then in the first case a head is repeated in each part of the table, in the second case - a sidebar. When dividing a table into parts, it is allowed to replace its head or sidebar with the number of columns and lines, respectively. In this case, the columns and (or) rows of the first part of the table are numbered with Arabic numerals.
If the text repeated in different rows of the column of the table consists of one word, then after the first writing it is allowed to replace it with quotes; if from two or more words, then at the first repetition it is replaced by the words "The same", and then - quotes. It is not allowed to put quotation marks instead of repeated numbers, marks, signs, mathematical and chemical symbols. If numerical or other data in any line of the table is not given, then a dash is put in it.
6.6.5 Digital material is usually presented in the form of tables. An example of table design is shown on.
Picture 1
6.6.6 Tables, with the exception of annex tables, should be numbered with Arabic numerals through numbering.
It is allowed to number the tables within the section. In this case, the table number consists of the section number and the ordinal number of the table, separated by a dot.
The tables of each application are designated by separate numbering in Arabic numerals with the addition of the application designation before the number.
If there is one table in the report document, then it should be designated "Table 1" or "Table B.1" if it is given in Appendix B.
6.6.7 The headings of the columns and rows of the table should be written with a capital letter in the singular, and the subheadings of the columns should be written with a lowercase letter if they form one sentence with the heading, or with a capital letter if they have an independent meaning. Do not put dots at the end of headings and subheadings of tables.
6.6.8 Tables on the left, right and bottom, as a rule, are limited by lines. It is allowed to use a smaller font size in the table than in the text.
It is not allowed to separate the headings and subheadings of the sidebar and the graph with diagonal lines.
Horizontal and vertical lines, delimiting the rows of the table, it is allowed not to carry out if their absence does not complicate the use of the table.
Column headings, as a rule, are written parallel to the rows of the table. If necessary, a perpendicular arrangement of column headings is allowed.
The head of the table should be separated by a line from the rest of the table.
6.6.9 The design of tables in the report must comply with GOST 1.5 and GOST 2.105.
6.7 Notes and footnotes
6.7.1 The word "Note" should be capitalized from the paragraph and not underlined.
6.7.2 Notes are given in reporting documents if explanations or reference data are needed for the content of the text, tables or graphic material.
Notes should not contain requirements.
6.7.3 Notes should be placed immediately after the text, graphic material or in the table to which these notes refer. The word "Note" should be capitalized, indented and not underlined. If there is only one note, then a dash is placed after the word "Note" and the note is printed with a capital letter. One note is not numbered. Several notes are numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals without a dot. A note to the table is placed at the end of the table above the line indicating the end of the table.
Example
Note -________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Several notes are numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals.
Example
Notes
1 __________________________________________________________________
2 __________________________________________________________________
3 __________________________________________________________________
6.7.4 If additional clarification is required in the report, it may be made in the form of a footnote. The footnote sign is placed directly after the word, number, symbol, sentence to which an explanation is given. The footnote sign is superscripted in Arabic numerals with brackets. It is allowed to carry out footnotes with asterisks "*" instead of numbers. More than three stars per page are not allowed.
The footnote is placed at the end of the page with a paragraph indent, separated from the text by a short horizontal line on the left. A footnote to the table is placed at the end of the table above the line indicating the end of the table.
6.8 Formulas and equations
6.8.1 Equations and formulas should be separated from the text on a separate line. There must be at least one free line above and below each formula or equation. If the equation does not fit on one line, then it must be moved after the equals sign (=) or after the plus (+), minus (-), multiplication (x), division (:), or other mathematical signs, and the sign in repeat at the beginning of the next line. When transferring a formula on a sign symbolizing the operation of multiplication, the "X" sign is used.
6.8.2 An explanation of the meanings of symbols and numerical coefficients should be given directly below the formula in the same sequence in which they are given in the formula.
6.8.3 Formulas in the report should be numbered sequentially within the entire report in Arabic numerals in parentheses in the extreme right position on the line.
Example
A = a:b, (1) B = c:e. (2)
One formula is (1) .
6.8.4 Formulas placed in annexes should be numbered separately in Arabic numerals within each annex, with the addition of an application designation before each digit, for example formula (B.1).
6.8.6 The numbering of formulas within the section is allowed. In this case, the formula number consists of the section number and the ordinal number of the formula, separated by a dot, for example (3.1).
6.8.7 The order of presentation of mathematical equations in the report is the same as for formulas.
6.8.8 In the report, it is allowed to execute formulas and equations by hand in black ink.
6.9 Links
6.9.1 References to this document, standards, specifications and other documents are allowed in the report, provided that they fully and unambiguously define the relevant requirements and do not cause difficulties in using the document.
6.9.1 References to the sources used should be indicated by the serial number of the bibliographic description of the source in the list of sources used. The reference number is enclosed in square brackets. References are numbered in Arabic numerals in the order in which references are given in the text of the report, regardless of the division of the report into sections.
6.9.2 You should refer to the document as a whole or its sections and appendices. References to subsections, paragraphs, tables and illustrations are not allowed, with the exception of subsections, paragraphs, tables and illustrations of this document.
6.9.3 When referring to standards and specifications, only their designation is indicated, while it is allowed not to indicate the year of their approval, provided that the standard is fully described. and specifications in the list of sources used in accordance with GOST 7.1.
6.10 Title page
6.10.1 The title page contains the details:
- the name of the parent organization or other structural entity, the system of which includes the executing organization, the name of the organization (including the abbreviated one);
- UDC index, VKG code of the All-Russian Product Classifier (OKP) (for R&D reports prior to the development and modernization of products) and the state registration number of R&D, affixed by the executing organization, as well as the inscription "Inv. N" - these data are placed one under the other;
- special marks (if the report contains numerical data on the properties of substances and materials, the abbreviation GSSSD is affixed in this part - the state standard reference data service);
- stamp of approval, stamp of approval.
The approval stamp consists of the word "APPROVE", position indicating the name of the organization, academic degree, academic rank of the person who approved the report, personal signature, its transcript and the date the report was approved. The seal of the organization that approved the report is also affixed here.
The approval stamp consists of the word "AGREED", position indicating the name of the organization, academic degree, academic rank of the person who approved the report, his personal signature, its transcript, date of approval, seal of the approval organization.
If the coordination was carried out by letter, the abbreviated name of the coordinating organization, the outgoing number and date of the letter should be indicated.
In the requisites "approval stamp" and "approval stamp" the components consisting of several lines are printed at 1 line spacing, and the components themselves are separated from each other by 1.5 line spacing. In these requisites, the words "APPROVED" and "AGREED" may be centered within the requisite field.
Signatures and dates of signing must be done in black ink or ink only.
Date elements are given in Arabic numerals in one line in the following sequence: day of the month, month, year, for example: the date April 10, 2000 should be drawn up on April 10, 2000;
The date is written in Arabic numerals in the following sequence: day of the month, month, year. The day of the month and the month are written as two pairs of Arabic numerals separated by a dot; year - four Arabic numerals. For example, the date April 10, 2000 should be written: 04/10/2000.
A verbal-numeric way of date registration is allowed, for example: April 10, 2000. It is also allowed to design the date in the following sequence: year, month, day of the month, for example, 2000.04.10.
- document type lower case with the first capital, the name of the R&D in capital letters, the name of the report in lower case letters in parentheses, the type of report (intermediate or final) in lower case letters with the first capital (if the name of the R&D coincides with the name of the report, then it is printed in capital letters);
- the type of document is given in capital letters, the name of the program (R&D) - in lowercase letters with the first capital letter, the name of the report - in capital letters, the type of report (intermediate or final) - in lowercase letters in parentheses.
If the name of the report coincides with the name of the program topic (R&D), then it is printed in capital letters.
- cipher of the state scientific and technical program, cipher of the work assigned by the executing organization;
- positions, academic degrees, academic titles of the heads of the R&D executing organization, R&D leaders (if printed in several lines, then printed with 1 line spacing), then leave a free field for personal signatures and place the initials and surnames of the persons who signed the report, below personal signatures in one line with signatures put down the dates of signing (if all the necessary signatures are not placed on the title page, then it is allowed to transfer them to the next page they are transferred to an additional page of the title page). In the upper right corner additional page indicate "Continuation of the title page", and at the end of the first page on the right indicate "Continuation on the next sheet";
- city and year of issue of the report. (Amendment).
6.10.2 Examples of the design of title pages are given in.
6.11 List of performers
6.11.1 Surnames and initials, positions, academic degrees, academic titles in the list should be placed in a column. On the left indicate positions, academic degrees, academic titles of performers and co-performers academic titles of the head of research, responsible executors, executors and co-executors(if it is printed in several lines, then print after 1 line spacing), then leave a free field for original signatures, on the right indicate the initials and surnames of the performers and co-performers. Next to each surname in parentheses should be indicated the number of the section (subsection) and the actual part of the work prepared by a particular performer. For co-executors, the name of the co-executing organization should also be indicated.
6.11.2 An example of the design of the list of performers is given in.
6.12 List of designations and abbreviations, symbols, symbols, units of physical quantities and terms.
6.12 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
The list should be in a column. On the left, in alphabetical order, abbreviations, symbols, symbols, units of physical quantities and terms are given, on the right - their detailed interpretation.
6.13 List of sources used
Information about sources should be arranged in the order in which references to sources appear in the text of the report and numbered in Arabic numerals without a dot and printed with a paragraph indent.
6.14 Applications
6.14.1 The application is drawn up as a continuation of this document on its subsequent sheets or issued as an independent document.
6.14.2 References should be given to all annexes in the text of the document. Applications are arranged in the order of references to them in the text of the document, with the exception of the reference appendix "Bibliography", which has the last one.
6.14.2 References should be given to all appendices in the text of the report. Applications are arranged in the order of references to them in the text of the report.
6.14.3 Every application should start with new page indicating at the top in the middle of the page the word "Appendix", its designation and degree.
The application must have a title that is written symmetrically with respect to the capitalized text on a separate line.
6.14.4 Applications designate capital letters Russian alphabet, starting with A, with the exception of the letters E, 3, Y, O, H, b b, Y, b b. The word "Appendix" is followed by a letter denoting its sequence.
It is allowed to designate applications with letters of the Latin alphabet, with the exception of the letters I and O.
In the case of full use of the letters of the Russian and Latin alphabets, it is allowed to designate applications with Arabic numerals.
If there is one annex in the report document, it is designated "Annex A".
6.14.5 The text of each application, if necessary, can be divided into sections, subsections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, which are numbered within each application. The number is preceded by the designation of this application.
6.14.6 Appendices should share continuous pagination with the rest of the document.
If necessary, such application may have "Content".
6.14.7 An appendix or several appendices can be issued as a separate book of the report, while on the title page under the book number the word "Appendix" should be written. If necessary, such an application may have a "Contents" section.
APPENDIX A (mandatory)
An example of writing an abstract for a research report
Report 85 pages, 2 hours, 24 figures, 12 tables, 50 sources, 2 appendices.
flowmeters
The object of research is piston installations for accurate reproduction and measurement of high gas flow rates.
The purpose of the work is to develop a methodology for metrological studies of installations and non-standard equipment for their implementation.
In the process of work, experimental studies of individual components and the total error of the installations were carried out.
As a result of the study, for the first time, two piston reversible flow meters were created: the first for flow rates up to 0.07 m!/s, the second - up to 0.33 m!/s.
The main design and technical and operational indicators: high measurement accuracy at high gas flow rates.
The degree of implementation - the second installation according to the developed methodology was certified as exemplary.
The efficiency of installations is determined by their small influence on the course of the measured processes. Both installations can be used for calibration and verification of industrial rotary gas meters, as well as tachometric flow meters.
APPENDIX B (mandatory)
Example 1 Title page of the research report
Ministry of General and Vocational Education UFIMSKY STATE AVIATION |
|
| UDC 378.14 1 state registration 01970006723 Inv. 1 | APPROVE Vice-Rector of the University |
REPORT Socio-economic problems of training military specialists | |
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution
higher professional education
"NATIONAL RESEARCH
TOMSK POLYTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY"
No. state. registration
APPROVE
Vice-Rector for Research
and innovation
Dr. Phys.-Math. sciences, professor
A.N. Pestryakov
"_____" ____________ 2013
Report
about research work
Name of research
NAME OF THE REPORT
(final)
An example of a list of executors of a research report
List of performers
|
Head of work, senior research assistant, candidate of technical sciences |
(signature, date) |
E.I. Ponomarev (abstract, introduction, conclusion, section 1) |
|
Responsible executor, junior research assistant. |
(signature, date) |
V.I. Chikul (section 4) |
|
Lead Engineer |
(signature, date) |
B.I. Tyagunov (section 5) |
|
Co-performers: |
||
|
Team leader |
(signature, date) |
N.T. Butkova (experimental part, chemical plant "Orto" of the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the Russian Federation) |
|
Senior research assistant, candidate of technical sciences |
(signature, date) |
T.D.Merkulova (sections 2 and 3, VNIIKhimvolokno of the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the Russian Federation) |
|
Comptroller |
(signature, date) |
A.V. Limareva |
An example of writing an abstract for a research report
Total 85 pages, 24 figures (7 graphs, 3 lines), 12 tables, 50 sources, 2 appendices
(information about the volume of the report, the number of illustrations, tables, applications, the number of books in the report, the number of sources used)
Keywords: power supply, generator, frequency stabilizer, measurement technique, metrological characteristic
(the list of keywords should include from 5 to 15 words or phrases from the text of the report, which characterize its content to the greatest extent and provide the possibility of information retrieval)
The text of the abstract should reflect:
object of study;
Objective;
method or methodology for carrying out work, indicating the equipment;
the results obtained and their novelty;
basic design, technological and technical and operational characteristics;
application area;
the cost-effectiveness or value of the work;
predictive assumptions about the development of the object of study.
If the report does not contain information on any of the listed structural parts of the abstract, then it is omitted in the text of the abstract, while the sequence of presentation is preserved).
The optimal amount of the text of the abstract is 850 printed characters.
Content design example
Introduction ................................................... ............................................…..5
1 Overview of tool feeders
1.1 Classification of drilling tool feeders ..............................6
1.2 Ways to increase the efficiency of percussion units of drilling machines ........…… 7
2 Development of sensors for measuring linear displacements
2.1 Photoelectronic unsupervised linear sensor
movements ................................................. ..................................…12
2.2 Method for measuring linear displacements using
photoelectric sensor .................................................................. .......…….25
3 Experimental studies of the dynamics of feed mechanisms
drilling machines
3.1 Experimental studies of system dynamics
"feeder-rotation-impact unit" .......................................................... ..39
3.2 Development of an additional pulse feed
tool to the bottom .......................................................... ..........................45
3.3 Method for calculating the transmission of shock impulses according to the stave
rods ................................................. ................................................. ..53
Conclusion…................................................ .............................................63
List of used sources………................................................…….69
Appendix A Patent Research Report…………............................71
Annex B Drawings of hydraulic impulse mechanism to
perforator PK-75
B.1 Assembly drawing PK-75 625.030.001 SB ....................................... .77
B.2 Specification PK-75 .............................................. ......................…….78
Appendix B
aggregates
Installation 2BU-50………………………………………80
Annex D The act of metrological study…………………..89
REPORT STRUCTURE
The structural elements of the R&D report are:
title page;
list of performers;
definitions;
designations and abbreviations;
Less common abbreviations, symbols, symbols, units and specific terms adopted in the report (repeated at least three times in the report) should be presented in a separate list. The list should be arranged in a column with an abbreviation on the left (in alphabetical order), and its detailed transcript on the right.
introduction;
main part;
conclusion;
list of sources used;
The list must contain information about the sources used in the preparation of the report, in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.1-84 and STP TPU-002-95.
applications.
Note: Required Structural Elementshighlighted in bold. The remaining structural elements are included in the report at the discretion of the R&D executor.
When executing the text of the report on the sheets, it is necessary to leave the margins of the following sizes:
Left margin - at least 20 mm;
Right margin - at least 10 mm;
Top margin - at least 20 mm;
The bottom margin is at least 20 mm.
Requirements for the structure and rules for the preparation of research reports are contained in GOST 7.32-2001 and STP TPU 1.5.01-2010.
ONTI TPU room 312 NTB, tel. 563445,e- mail: onti@ lib. tpu. en; ovk@ tpu. en